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在水培条件下研究不同硼水平对“洋葱型”畸形大蒜发生率的影响及其生理生化指标的变化。研究结果表明:0和1.5 mg·L-1硼处理均可诱导“洋葱型”畸形大蒜的发生,降低鳞茎的干、鲜质量,而0.5和1.0 mg·L-1硼处理可防止“洋葱型”畸形大蒜的形成;发生“洋葱型”畸形大蒜的植株与正常植株相比衰老相对延缓,在鳞茎膨大后期其叶身的硼含量、色素含量、净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、气孔导度(Gs)、抗氧化酶(POD、CAT和SOD)活性均高于同处理的正常植株;同时,“洋葱型”畸形大蒜叶身和假茎的可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白和游离氨基酸含量也均显著高于正常植株,但其鳞茎的上述指标比同处理的正常植株分别降低30.45%和51.99%、152.26%和258.34%、82.01%和56.09%。
The effects of different boron levels on the incidence of “onion” malformed garlic and their physiological and biochemical indexes under hydroponic culture were studied. The results showed that both 0 and 1.5 mg · L-1 boron treatment could induce the occurrence of “onion-type” malformation garlic and reduce the dry and fresh weight of the bulb, while 0.5 and 1.0 mg · L-1 boron treatment could prevent The “Onion-type” malformed garlic was formed. The plants with “Onion-type” malformed garlic had a relatively delayed senescence compared with the normal plants. The contents of boron, pigment and net photosynthetic rate (Pn) , Transpiration rate (Tr), stomatal conductance (Gs), antioxidant enzymes (POD, CAT and SOD) were higher than those of the same treatment. At the same time, the “onion” malformed garlic leaf and pseudostem The contents of soluble sugar, soluble protein and free amino acid were also significantly higher than those of normal plants, but the above indexes of bulblets were reduced by 30.45% and 51.99%, 152.26% and 258.34%, 82.01% and 56.09% respectively compared with the normal plants.