白血病和骨髓移植(BMT)患者发生真菌感染(尤其是念珠菌)的危险性较高,并可因此导致死亡。预防念珠菌在口咽部的定居和感染对全身念珠菌病的预防极为重要,但目前仍无理想的药物。最近的实验表明氟康唑(Fluconazole)具有较强的抗真菌活性,且患者耐受性好。本文对其预防念珠菌在口咽部定居,以及预防口咽部和全身念珠菌感染中的作用进行了评价。 Patients with leukemia and bone marrow transplantation (BMT) are at higher risk for fungal infections, especially Candida, and can therefore cause death. Prevention of Candida in the oropharyngeal colonization and infection prevention of systemic candidiasis is extremely important, but there is still no ideal drug. Recent experiments show that fluconazole has strong antifungal activity and patients are well tolerated. This article evaluates the role of Candida in preventing oropharyngeal colonization and preventing oropharyngeal and systemic Candida infections.