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目的掌握北京市东城区蝇类优势种群及其消长情况,分析蝇传疾病与蝇类的关系,为控制蝇类孳生,防治肠道传染病提供依据。方法每年4~10月用捕蝇笼法,对东城区7个监测点进行蝇密度监测,将捕获的蝇带回实验室分类、鉴定。分析2010-2013年的优势蝇种及消长情况;收集东城区2010-2013年蝇传疾病发病资料,用相关分析方法分析蝇密度消长与传染病的相关关系,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果东城区以麻蝇(67.91%)、大头金蝇(8.11%)、厩腐蝇(8.10%)、丝光绿蝇(6.88%)和家蝇(6.77%)为优势蝇种;7~8月蝇密度达高峰,历年最高密度分别为18.00只/(笼·d)、16.47只/(笼·d)、25.77只/(笼·d)和24.47只/(笼·d)。肠道传染病发病率在7~8月呈高峰,占辖区传染病发病首位。蝇类密度季节消长与细菌性痢疾(r=0.906,P<0.01);其他感染性腹泻(r=0.931,P<0.01)及手足口病(r=0.819,P<0.05)发病呈相关性。结论北京市东城区蝇种繁多且密度较高,主要肠道传染病的发病与蝇类密度有相关性,因此定期适时开展灭蝇工作,可降低细菌性痢疾等肠道传染病发病率。
Objective To understand the dominant flies population and their growth and decline in Dongcheng District, Beijing, and to analyze the relationship between fly-borne diseases and flies, so as to provide basis for controlling fly breeding and preventing and controlling intestinal infectious diseases. Methods From April to October of each year, fly catches were used to monitor the fly density in 7 monitoring sites in Dongcheng District. The captured flies were taken back to the laboratory for classification and identification. Analysis of the dominant species of flies and their growth and disappearance from 2010 to 2013; collection of data on the incidence of fly-borne diseases in Dongcheng District from 2010 to 2013 and the correlation analysis between flies density and infectious diseases were analyzed by correlation analysis. P <0.05 was considered statistically significant . Results In Dongcheng District, flies (67.91%), golden flies (8.11%), stable flies (8.10%), green flies (6.88%) and house flies (6.77% The highest density was 18.00 / (cage · d), 16.47 / (cage · d), 25.77 / (cage · d) and 24.47 / (cage · d), respectively. The incidence of intestinal infectious disease peaked from July to August, accounting for the first infectious disease in the area. The seasonal fluctuation of flies density was associated with the incidence of bacterial dysentery (r = 0.906, P <0.01), other infectious diarrhea (r = 0.931, P <0.01) and hand foot and mouth disease (r = 0.819, P <0.05). Conclusion There are many fly species and high density in Dongcheng District of Beijing. The incidence of major enteric diseases is related to the density of flies. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out flies-flying in a timely manner to reduce the incidence of intestinal infectious diseases such as bacillary dysentery.