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一、引言折射率是物质的一种重要特性常数,它与熔点、沸点等物理属性一样,是检定物质有意义的常数。各向性物质仅有一个折射率,至于晶体则依晶系不同而具有一个或几个不同数值的折射率,有些胶体溶液也可能具有两个不同数值的折射率。白光折射过程中发生色散现象,红光的折射角最小,紫光的折射角最大,所以波长对折射率的影响很大。在折射计中常用钠黄光作光源,或用白光作光源,而用滤光片或补偿器去除杂色光。
I. INTRODUCTION Refractive index is an important characteristic constant of matter. It is the same as the physical property such as melting point and boiling point, which is a meaningful constant of test substance. An isotropic material has only one index of refraction, while a crystal has one or several different indices of refraction depending on the crystal system. Some colloidal solutions may also have two different indices of refraction. Dispersion occurs during the refraction of white light. The red light has the smallest refraction angle and the violet light has the largest refraction angle. Therefore, the wavelength has a great influence on the refractive index. Sodium refractory commonly used in the refractometer as a light source, or white light source, and filter or compensator to remove noise light.