社会保障对社会和经济发展的影响众说纷纭,近来的争论大多集中在其消极方面。诸如它导致人们不工作、不储蓄,它降低国际竞争力和减少就业岗位的创造,它鼓励人们过早地退出劳动力市场,等等。但另一方面,鉴于社会保障是市场经济的必要组织部分,它对经济发展也有许多非常积极的影响。 The impact of social security on social and economic development is diverse and recent controversies have mostly focused on their negative aspects. For example, it leads to people not working, not saving, reducing international competitiveness and creating jobs, encouraging people to quit the labor market prematurely, and so on. On the other hand, given that social security is an essential part of the market economy, it also has many very positive effects on economic development.