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为了确定合理的航道建设规模与布局,分析了航道通过能力的内涵,给出了航道理想通过能力具体定义,并运用最优化原理和非线性跟驰理论,建立了船头间距与船舶速度之间的函数关系,进而从微观角度建立了航道通过能力的计算模型。结合不同等级航道的实际状况,对航道通过能力进行了验算,并与其他模型的计算结果进行对比。计算结果表明:二～五级航道理论通过能力分别为11.42×104、5.72×104、3.66×104、2.75×104t,与其他模型的计算结果较为接近,因此,以临界船头间距和临界速度为基础的微观模型能够精确计算出各级航道的通过能力。
In order to determine the reasonable scale and layout of waterway construction, this paper analyzes the connotation of waterway passing ability, gives the concrete definition of waterway ideal passing capacity, and establishes the relationship between bow spacing and ship speed by using the principle of optimization and non-linear car-following Then, from the microscopic point of view, the calculation model of the passage capacity is established. Combined with the actual status of different grades of waterways, the capacity of waterways was checked and compared with the results of other models. The calculated results show that the theoretical passing capacities of the second to fifth stage waterways are respectively 11.42 × 104, 5.7 × 104, 3.66 × 104 and 2.75 × 104t, which are close to those calculated by other models. Therefore, with the critical bow spacing and critical speed as The basic microscopic model can accurately calculate the passage of capacity at all levels.