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目的探讨青年人脑出血的病因,危险因素及预后。方法对137例青年脑出血患者(≤45岁)的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果有明确病因者106例(77.37%),病因不明者31例(22.63%),其中先天性脑血管畸形51例(37.23%),高血压41例(29.93%),先天性脑动脉瘤5例(3.65%),脑静脉血栓形成4例(2.92%),脑胶质瘤并出血2例(1.46%),线粒体脑肌病2例(1.46%),抗凝治疗1例(0.73%)。主要危险因素有:饮酒、吸烟、家族史。经治疗基本痊愈103例(75.18%),显著进步21例(15.33%),死亡13例(9.49%)。结论青年人脑出血的病因以脑动静脉畸形和高血压最常见,大多数患者预后良好。
Objective To investigate the etiology, risk factors and prognosis of cerebral hemorrhage in young people. Methods The clinical data of 137 young patients with cerebral hemorrhage (≤45 years) were analyzed retrospectively. Results There were 106 cases (77.37%) with definite etiology, 31 cases (22.63%) with etiology, 51 cases (37.23%) with congenital cerebrovascular malformations, 41 cases (29.93%) with hypertension, congenital cerebral aneurysms (3.65%), cerebral venous thrombosis in 4 cases (2.92%), glioma and hemorrhage in 2 cases (1.46%), mitochondrial encephalomyopathy in 2 cases (1.46%) and anticoagulation in 1 case (0.73% . The main risk factors are: drinking, smoking, family history. After treatment, 103 cases (75.18%) were cured basically, 21 cases (15.33%) were significantly improved and 13 cases (9.49%) died. Conclusion The cause of cerebral hemorrhage in young people is most common in cerebral arteriovenous malformations and hypertension. Most patients have a good prognosis.