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光合产物是水稻产量的主要来源,因此对水稻后期功能叶片尤其是剑叶形态生理性状的遗传分析对水稻高产育种很重要。利用来源于籼/粳交后代的重组自交系群体为材料对水稻剑叶形态(叶片长、宽、面积)和生理性状(叶绿度、持绿性)进行了 QTL定位,并对这些性状与产量、产量性状的相关性进行了分析。两年分别定位了17、6和14个与剑叶形态性状、叶绿度和持绿性有关的QTL,其中10个QTL在两年中共同检测到。相关分析表明,较大的剑叶可以增加穗粒数并显著增加产量,然而叶绿度和持绿性与产量、产量性状无关或呈显著负相关。叶绿度与剑叶大小呈显著负相关以及籼/粳交群体后代半不育是叶绿度和持绿性与产量、产量性状无关或呈显著负相关的可能原因。染色体 4 上的 RM255-RM349区域同时控制 3 个剑叶形态性状并且解释的变异也较大,该区域可用于遗传改良以提高水稻产量。染色体 3 上的 RM422-RM565 区域重叠了 3 个与持绿性有关的 QTL,它们对产量的贡献有待于通过构建近等基因系进行深入研究。
Photosynthesis is the main source of rice yield. Therefore, the genetic analysis of functional leaves in late rice, especially morphological traits of flag leaves is very important for high-yielding rice breeding. QTL mapping of rice flag leaf morphology (leaf length, width, area) and physiological characteristics (leaf greenness, greenness) was performed using recombinant inbred lines from indica / japonica offspring. The correlation with yield and yield traits was analyzed. In the two years, 17, 6 and 14 QTLs related to morphological traits of flag leaves, leaf greenness and greenness were mapped respectively. Ten QTLs were detected in two years. Correlation analysis showed that the larger flag leaves could increase the number of grains per spike and significantly increase the yield, however, the leaf greenness and green holding capacity were not related to or significantly negatively correlated with yield and yield traits. There was a significant negative correlation between the leaf greenness and the size of flag leaf and the semi-sterility of the progeny of indica / japonica hybrids as a possible reason for the negative correlation between leaf green and green characters and yield and yield characters. The RM255-RM349 region on chromosome 4 simultaneously controls the morphological traits of three flag leaves and explains the greater variability that can be used for genetic improvement to increase rice yield. The three RMQ22-RM565 regions on chromosome 3 overlap with green-related QTLs and their contribution to yield needs to be further studied by constructing near-isogenic lines.