为探讨煤尘超微结构特征与其毒性的关系 ,借助透射电镜和生物化学技术 ,对不同矿区煤尘致肺泡巨噬细胞的损伤及其与煤尘超微结构特征的关系进行比较。结果显示煤尘对肺泡巨噬细胞不但造成胞质酶、溶酶体酶外漏 ,而且可致超微结构损伤。外形棱角锐利 ,结构排列有序 ,硬而脆的煤质 ,对细胞的损伤更重。提示煤尘毒性大小与煤尘颗粒的超微结构特征有关 ;煤尘可致肺泡巨噬细胞形态结构损伤 ,并且随着作用时间延长而加剧 In order to explore the relationship between the ultrastructure of coal dust and its toxicity, the damage of alveolar macrophages induced by coal dust in coal mines and its relationship with the ultrastructure of coal dust were compared by means of TEM and biochemical techniques. The results show that coal dust on alveolar macrophages not only cause cytosolic enzymes, lysosomal enzyme leakage, but also cause ultrastructural damage. Shapes sharp edges, arranged in an orderly structure, hard and brittle coal, the damage to the cells heavier. It is suggested that the toxicity of coal dust is related to the ultrastructural features of coal dust particles. Coal dust can cause damage to the morphology and structure of alveolar macrophages and aggravate with the prolongation of action time