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目的加强矿物开采和加工中天然放射性物质的辐射防护管理的科学性,与国际通行准则的限值和管理措施相一致。方法简述了IAEA和我国标准中适用于含天然放射性物质矿物开采和加工中辐射防护限值和管理措施。结果国际相关天然放射性物质防护导则中对γ外照射剂量+粉尘内照射剂量(氡及其子体除外)低于1 m Sv/a或大宗物料中铀、钍系放射性核素活度浓度≤1 Bq/g给予豁免管理,高于以上两限值的情况进行优化分级管理。结论国内相关NORM辐射防护管理的实践,应以国际通行准则为基础,不断总结经验,进一步补充完善,可逐步推广应用于其他含天然放射性核素较高矿物开采和加工行业的辐射防护。
Purpose To strengthen the scientific management of radiation protection of natural radioactive materials in the mining and processing of minerals in accordance with the limits and management measures of internationally accepted guidelines. Methods The IAEA and China’s standards for radiation protection limits and management measures applicable to the mining and processing of minerals containing natural radioactive material are briefly described. Results In the international guidelines for the protection of natural radioactive materials, the exposure to gamma radiation dose + internal dust exposure (excluding radon and its daughters) is less than 1 m Sv / a or the concentration of uranium and thorium radionuclides in bulk materials is ≤ 1 Bq / g to give exemption management, higher than the above two limits for optimal classification management. Conclusion The domestic practice of NORM radiation protection and management should be based on internationally accepted guidelines, continue to summarize the experience, further supplement and improve, and can be gradually extended to other radiation protection with higher natural mineral extraction and processing industries containing natural radionuclides.