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本文主要阐述了如下五个问题:一、公司治理结构的概念。尽管目前对公司治理尚没有统一的定义,但各国普遍认为,公司治理机制实际上是一种制度性的安排。它是在法律保障的前提下,处理因两权分离而产生的委托代理关系所适用的一整套制度安排,其宗旨是使公司的管理人员能够为公司股东的整体利益服务。二、公司治理产生的必然性。文章分析了在股份有限公司中,因两权分离而带来的公司治理的必要性和可能性。三、公司治理行为守则是公司治理机制的重要成果。文章集中分析了公司治理行为准则在公司治理中的实际作用。四、中国实施公司治理的特殊背景和任务。文章从分析我国企业改革的三个基本阶段出发,指出中国在目前阶段主要解决的是国有股一股独大又不能流通造成的特殊问题以及中国公司治理所肩负的独特的历史任务。文章第五个问题集中探讨了西方国家公司治理中某些我国可以借鉴的措施,包括管理者的诚信义务、公司的并购、拉票战、独立董事制度,股东的派生诉讼和集团诉讼、股份评估补偿权等。作者在最后提出了一个问题,即要将公司治理真正变为现实需要,应具备何种条件?
This article mainly expounds the following five questions: First, the concept of corporate governance structure. Although there is no unified definition of corporate governance at present, it is widely accepted by all countries that the corporate governance mechanism is actually an institutional arrangement. It is a set of institutional arrangements applicable to the principal-agent relationship arising from the separation of the two rights under the precondition of legal protection. Its purpose is to enable the company’s management personnel to serve the overall interests of the shareholders of the Company. Second, the inevitability of corporate governance. The article analyzes the necessity and possibility of corporate governance brought about by the separation of the two rights in the corporation. Third, the corporate governance code of conduct is an important result of corporate governance mechanism. The article focuses on the actual role of corporate governance code in corporate governance. Fourth, China’s implementation of corporate governance special background and tasks. From the analysis of the three basic stages of the reform of Chinese enterprises, the article points out that the main issue that China deals with at this stage is the unique problems caused by the monopoly of state-owned stocks and the non-circulation of the state-owned shares, as well as the unique historical mission of Chinese corporate governance. The fifth issue of the article focuses on the measures some western countries can learn from corporate governance, including managers’ fiduciary duties, company mergers and acquisitions, canvassing campaigns, independent director systems, shareholder derivative litigation and class actions, stock valuation compensation Right and so on. At the end of the article, the author raised the question of what conditions should we have to truly turn corporate governance into reality?