尿路结石仍然是临床上常见而急待解决的问题。近年虽然膀胱结石有所减少,但肾和输尿管结石的发病率却越来越高,治疗效果远不能令人满意,因此,正努力探索结石的病因,以预防其发生,虽然尿路结石的真正病因至今仍未澄清,但在尿结石的有关病因学及流行病学方面,却取得了很大进展。本文仅就近年上尿路结石的病因学及流行病学的研究进展扼要阐述。 尿石症的流行病学 1.发病率 尿石症具有明显的地区分布差 Urolithiasis is still a common and urgent problem in clinical practice. In recent years, although the reduction of bladder stones, but the incidence of kidney and ureteral stones are getting higher and higher, the treatment effect is far from satisfactory, therefore, are trying to explore the cause of stones to prevent their occurrence, although the real urinary tract stones The etiology has not yet been clarified, but great progress has been made in the related etiology and epidemiology of urinary stones. This article only on the recent urinary tract etiology and epidemiology of research progress briefly. Epidemiology of urolithiasis 1. The incidence of urolithiasis has obvious regional distribution is poor