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在中国古代,上告,是指地方百姓直接向皇帝或以皇帝为代表的中央陈告的一种越级诉讼行为,多被局限于很小的范围和规模之中。明初洪武朝的一段时间内兴起的上告,局部突破了传统特色。本文考察了这一时期上告的内容、承担者、形式,它的主要起因以及它的意义等等。认为:洪武朝上告的主要内容是告官,主要承担者是以耆民为首的广大地方百姓,上告的形式以赴京状奏为主。上告兴起的原因是多方面的,有明初社会背景和政治体制的影响,也有朱元璋个人的因素。文章认为洪武朝上告在明初社会政治生活的许多方面发生了相当的影响。
In ancient China, appealing was a type of leapfrog litigation initiated by the local people directly to the emperor or the central government represented by the emperor. It was mostly confined to a very small area and scale. In the early Ming Dynasty Hongwu dynasty, the appeals that started to take place during a period of time partially broke through the traditional characteristics. This article examines the contents of this period, the carrier, the form, its main cause and its significance and so on. He believes that the main content of the Hongwu court's suing is to sue officials. The main undertaker is the vast majority of local people headed by Ji-min people. The format of the report is mainly to go to Beijing for performance. There are many reasons for the rise of the public notice, which is influenced by the social background and political system in the early Ming Dynasty. There are also personal factors of the emperor. The article holds that Hongwu sued in many aspects of social and political life in the early Ming Dynasty had a considerable impact.