等效法在物理解题中有广泛的应用,我们经常会利用物理量的等效、物理过程的等效、物理模型的等效、物理方法的等效来进行解题。合理利用等效法能够对学生起到活化思维、化繁为简、开拓思维的功效,当然,在应用等效法解题时,我们应该知道,两个事物的等效不是全方位的,只是局部的、特定的、有限的、某一方面的等效。因此在具体问题中必须明确哪一方面的等效,这样才能把握住等效的条件和范围。本文就等效的几个方面作些讨论。 Equivalence is widely used in solving physical problems. We often make use of the equivalent of physical quantities, the equivalence of physical processes, the equivalence of physical models, and the equivalence of physical methods. The rational use of equivalence can play an active role in activating students’ thinking, simplifying and opening up thinking. Of course, when applying the equivalent method to solve problems, we should know that the equivalence between two things is not omni-directional but only partial Specific, limited, some aspects of the equivalent. Therefore, in the specific issues which must be clear which one is equivalent, so as to grasp the equivalent conditions and scope. This article discusses some of the equivalent aspects.