威廉·华玆华斯(William Wordsworth)是英国十九世纪初著名的浪漫主义诗人,生于1770年,死于1850年。由于他长期居住于英国昆布兰湖区,一般文学史上把他与柯勒律治、骚塞并称为“湖畔派”诗人。华兹华斯在剑桥大学读书时,深受法国启蒙运动思想家卢梭等人的影响,响往1789年的法国大革命,1790年以后曾几次赴法国,他曾到被击毁的巴士的狱拣起一块砖头作为纪念,又曾幻想自己作为革命党的一员,写过一些歌颂民主、共和、平等的诗。雅各宾专政使他对法国革命感到失望和畏惧,从此他隐居湖区,创作了不少优美的自然诗。大自然的美,农村的纯朴恬静,甚至山石溪流,百鸟花草,在他的笔下,显得那么深情、和谐、清丽、幽美,诗的格调又是那么柔和、婉转,富于音乐美,使我们觉得诗人的整个身心,已经和他的描写对象融为一体,不能分离了。但华兹华斯一生并不像他的诗那样平静和美,他大半辈子生活坎坷艰难。直至他逝世前三年。被授予“桂冠诗人”的称召。目前国內外对华玆华斯的评价很不一样。在英国,他一直被认为是莎士比亚与密尔顿以后影响最大的诗人。雪莱称他为“自然歌手”。我国五十年代接受了苏联学者伊瓦肖娃的看法,把华玆华斯看成是反动(或消极)浪漫主义诗人。近年来,外国文学界有的同志认为应重新译评价华玆华斯。为了有助于学术上的探讨和研究,我们翻译了美国学者、《华兹华斯诗选》编选者、哥伦比亚大学英语教授马克·范·多伦(Mark Van Doren)写的《华玆华斯诗选》序言,我们采用的版本是美国兰顿书屋(Randon House)出版公司现代丛书(Modern Library)版一九五○年版本,由于译者水平有限,敬请专家读者给予指正。 William Wordsworth was a famous Romantic poet of the early nineteenth century in the United Kingdom. He was born in 1770 and died in 1850. Because of his long-term residence in the Lake District of Queensland, England, in the general history of literature, he and Coleridge rule, obstruct and referred to as the “Lake School” poet. When Wordsworth, at Cambridge, was influenced by the French Enlightenment thinkers such as Rousseau and others, he went to the French Revolution of 1789 and went to France several times after 1790. He went to jail for the destroyed bus As a memorial, a piece of brick has fantasized about himself as a member of the revolutionary party and has written poems celebrating democracy, republicanism and equality. Jacobin’s dictatorship made him disappointed and afraid of the French Revolution. Since then, he has lived in the Lake District and created many beautiful natural poems. The beauty of nature, the simple rural tranquility, even mountain streams, flowers and birds, in his pen, seem so affectionate, harmonious, beautiful, beautiful, poetic style is so soft, mildly, full of musical beauty, so that we Think the poet’s whole body and mind, and his description of the object has been integrated, can not be separated. However, Wordsworth spent his life not as calm and beautiful as his poem, and he lived in a difficult and difficult life. Until three years before his death. Was awarded “laureate poet” call. At home and abroad for Wordsworth’s evaluation is very different. In Britain, he has long been considered the poet of greatest influence after Shakespeare and Milton. Shelley calls him a “natural singer.” My fifties accepted the view of the Soviet scholar Ivashiova that Wordsworth was regarded as a reactionary (or negative) romantic poet. In recent years, some comrades in the foreign literary world think that it is necessary to re-evaluate Wordsworth. In order to facilitate academic discussion and research, we translate the American scholar, editor of Wordsworth’s Anthology, and Mark Van Doren, a professor of English at Columbia University, Preface to the Selected Works of Poetry, "we adopted the 1955 version of Modern Library by Randon House Publishing Company. Due to the limited level of translators, experts are kindly requested to give us directions.