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甘露醇的高渗溶液能使血浆渗透压及尿液渗透压升高,产生组织脱水及利尿作用。一般在用药后10min出现利尿,2～3h达高峰;可维持6～8h。其最大排Na~+力为滤过Na~+量的15％左右。临床用于防治肾功能不全、脑水肿、粘连性肠梗阻等。但在其应用中,常出现一些与治疗目的相悖的矛盾现象。1 利尿脱水致血尿 甘露醇在用于治疗重型颅脑损伤病人脱水利尿时,引起血尿。考虑可能是甘露醇其高渗作用使肾小球基底膜通透性增加,滤过也增加。红细胞漏出所致。
Mannitol hypertonic solution can make plasma osmolality and urine osmotic pressure, resulting in tissue dehydration and diuretic effects. Diuretic generally appear 10min after treatment, 2 ~ 3h reached the peak; can be maintained 6 ~ 8h. The maximum Na ~ + force is about 15% of Na ~ +. Clinical for the prevention and treatment of renal insufficiency, cerebral edema, adhesive intestinal obstruction. However, in its application, there often appear contradictory contradictions in the treatment of the phenomenon. 1 diuretic dehydration caused by hematuria Mannitol in the treatment of patients with severe head injury dehydration diuretic, causing hematuria. Considering the hypertonic effect of mannitol may make the glomerular basement membrane permeability increased filtration also increased. Erythrocyte leakage caused.