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本文采用笛卡尔动网格方法数值模拟研究了叶顶端板对H型垂直轴风力机非定常气动特性与三维黏性绕流场的影响。选用SST湍流模型,假设全流场为湍流流动。叶尖速比为1.86~2.57,以实验模型为研究对象,对未加装叶顶端板的H型风力机进行了三维数值模拟研究。在实验模型的基础上给每个叶片的顶部分别加装了端板,采用同样的数值模拟方法,选择低、中、高三个叶尖速比研究了带有叶顶端板的H型风力机的三维非定常气动特性。利用不带端板和带有端板的风力机模型计算得到的功率系数与实验数据进行了比较,讨论了单个叶片和风轮载荷沿周向的变化,分析了一个旋转周期叶顶附近相对速度的变化规律,揭示了加装端板后风力机气动载荷提高的原因。
In this paper, the numerical simulation of Cartesian moving grid method is used to study the influence of blade tip on the unsteady aerodynamic characteristics and three-dimensional viscous flow field of a H-axis vertical axis wind turbine. The SST turbulence model is used, assuming that the full flow field is turbulent. The tip speed ratio is 1.86 ~ 2.57. The experimental model is taken as the research object, and the 3D numerical simulation of the H-type wind turbine with no blade top plate is carried out. On the basis of the experimental model, an end plate is added to the top of each blade, and the same numerical simulation method is used to select the low, medium and high three tip speed ratios to study the H-type wind turbine with a blade tip end plate Three-dimensional unsteady aerodynamic characteristics. The power coefficient calculated from the wind turbine model without end plate and end plate is compared with the experimental data. The change of the load of the single blade and the wind turbine in the circumferential direction is discussed. The relative velocity of the blade near the top of a rotating cycle The law of variation shows the reason of the increase of the aerodynamic load of the wind turbine after installing the end plate.