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应用透析法治疗的慢性疾患中,糖尿病性肾病所占的比例急速增加,据日本统计,1983年已占全部透析病例的15.6％,说明糖尿病引起的肾脏损害尚未得到早期诊断和早期治疗。以往诊断糖尿病有无合并肾脏损害,主要的依据是蛋白尿和常规肾功能的异常,现认为这时的肾脏显然已存在明显的病变,而且是非可逆性的。因此作为认识糖尿病性肾损害的关键,在于早期诊断。最近被广泛采用的尿中微量白蛋白(微白蛋白)测定技术,使糖尿病患者的肾损害有可能获得早期发现。现仅就近年来国外有关糖尿病性肾损害的病期分类及其特征,早期诊断的技术和治疗作一综述。
Dialysis treatment of chronic diseases, the rapid increase in the proportion of diabetic nephropathy, according to Japanese statistics, accounted for 15.6% of dialysis cases in 1983, indicating that diabetic kidney damage has not yet been early diagnosis and early treatment. In the past the diagnosis of diabetic with or without renal damage, the main basis for proteinuria and conventional renal dysfunction, now that the kidneys obviously there are obvious lesions, but also irreversible. Therefore, the key to understanding diabetic nephropathy lies in the early diagnosis. Recently widely used urine microalbumin (microalbumin) determination of the technology, so that diabetic patients with renal damage may obtain early detection. Only in recent years, foreign countries about the classification of diabetic nephropathy and its characteristics of the stage, the early diagnosis of technology and treatment are reviewed.