目前已有21种黏蛋白在人类基因组中被识别,MUC5AC 作为气道黏液中最为重要的黏蛋白,受到了广泛关注。许多黏液高分泌疾病,如支气管哮喘、慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)、支气管扩张等疾病的病理生理改变都与 MUC5AC密切相关。对其信号通路和调节机制的研究将有助于通过阻断其信号通路或是调节基因表达进行药物靶向治疗,从而改善症状乃至有效地治疗疾病。另外,MUC5AC 在肺癌中的异常表达将会有助于对肺癌进行更为精确的分型,并为肺癌的基因治疗提供依据。一、气道中黏蛋白的分布及作用气道中的黏液是由不同种类的分泌物混合而成,包括水、电解质及以糖蛋白为主的有机成分。黏蛋白属于糖蛋白,是气道黏液中最主要的组成部分。目前已有21种黏蛋 So far, 21 mucins have been identified in the human genome. As the most important mucin in airway mucus, MUC5AC has attracted much attention. Much of mucin hypersecretion diseases, such as bronchial asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), bronchiectasis and other pathophysiological changes are closely related to MUC5AC. The study of its signaling pathways and regulatory mechanisms will help to improve the symptoms and effectively treat the disease by blocking the signaling pathway or regulating the gene expression for drug-targeted therapy. In addition, the abnormal expression of MUC5AC in lung cancer will help to more accurately classify the lung cancer and provide the basis for the gene therapy of lung cancer. First, the distribution and role of airway mucin In the airway mucus is a mixture of different types of secretions, including water, electrolytes and glycoproteins based organic components. Mucin is a glycoprotein and is the most important component of airway mucus. There are currently 21 kinds of sticky eggs