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中亚细亚的苏联各加盟共和国是最需要灌溉的地区。这里天气温暖,阳光充足,有广大的原野。只是平原的雨水少些,年降水量约为80～200公厘,不足以供给农作物生长的需要。因此,要发展农业便须有灌溉。很幸运的是这一带的高山里有充沛的雪水,因为高山的年降水量达600～800公厘。所以这里几条河流,如锡尔河、阿姆河、沙拉夫桑河等,在四月以后水流就渐渐地旺盛了,到了九月才消退。水涨的季节正是农作物需水的季节,所以这一带很早就发展灌溉,因之也很早就成为富庶的地区了。
The Central Asian Union Soviet republics are the areas most in need of irrigation. Here the weather is warm, sunny, there are vast fields. Only plain less rainfall, annual precipitation is about 80 ~ 200 mm, not enough to supply the needs of crop growth. Therefore, it is necessary to irrigate the development of agriculture. Fortunately, there are plenty of snow in the mountains of this area because the annual precipitation of the mountains reaches 600 to 800 mm. So here a few rivers, such as Syr Darya, Amu, Sharaf Sang and so on, in April after the water flow is gradually strong, and only subsided in September. The season of rising water is the season of water demand for crops, so irrigation in this area was developed very early and, as a result, it has long been a prosperous region.