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本文以新西兰为例来反思“二战”后盛行的新自由主义的理论主张和实践发展。文章认为,新自由主义是一个集观念、理论、政策、实践以及改革于一体的集合体,它主张在私有产权、自由市场和自由贸易的框架下,通过赋予个人创业的自由和能力使其获得幸福。但实际上,新自由主义政策源于英美的世界观与意识形态,而非源于自然法则,而且它不是一个能够自证的、内在一致的或不变的理论体系。作为一种经济发展政策,它正日益陷入混乱、衰退和动荡。2008年金融危机发生后,伴随着世界经济重心由西向东的转移,新自由主义改革的影响力虽然还在,但已经不能继续占主导地位,逐步放弃新自由主义政策的新西兰在2014年之后的经济复兴就强有力地证明了这一点。
This article takes New Zealand as an example to reflect on the neo-liberal theory and practice that prevailed after World War II. The article holds that neoliberalism is an assembly of concepts, theories, policies, practices and reforms. It advocates that individuals should be given the freedom and ability to start an undertaking under the framework of private property, free market and free trade happy. In reality, however, the neoliberal policy stems from Anglo-American worldviews and ideologies, not from natural laws, and it is not an internally consistent or invariant theoretical system. As an economic development policy, it is increasingly plunged into chaos, recession and turmoil. After the 2008 financial crisis, along with the shift of the world economic center from west to east, the influence of neoliberal reform is still under way. However, New Zealand, which has ceased to dominate and gradually abandon the neoliberal policy, The economic renaissance is a strong proof of this.