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目的探讨遵义市10年间乙类传染病发病趋势和流行特征,为控制传染病提供科学依据。方法对遵义市2001～2010年传染病疫情资料运用描述流行病学方法进行分析。结果 10年共报告乙类传染病276863例,年平均发病率为397.87/10万,年平均发病率居前3位的是肺结核,病毒性肝炎(其中:乙肝占病毒性肝炎总病例数的75.36%),痢疾。各类传染病构成分别为:呼吸道传染病占49.77%,肠道传染病占25.23%,血源及性传播疾病占23.05%,自然疫源及虫媒传播传染病占1.83%,新生儿破伤风占0.12%。结论遵义市呼吸传染病和血源及性传播疾病发病呈持续上升趋势,肠道传染病持续下降。提示应加强健康教育宣传,提高公众的卫生防病意识。肺结核、乙肝、梅毒、艾滋病是遵义市今后传染病防治工作的重点。
Objective To investigate the trend and epidemic characteristics of infectious diseases in Zunyi in the past 10 years and provide a scientific basis for the control of infectious diseases. Methods Epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemic situation of infectious diseases in Zunyi from 2001 to 2010. Results A total of 276,863 cases of B infectious diseases were reported in 10 years, with an average annual incidence of 397.87 / 100 000. The top three annual incidence rates were tuberculosis and viral hepatitis (among them, hepatitis B accounted for 75.36 of the total number of cases of viral hepatitis %), Dysentery. The proportions of infectious diseases were 49.77% for respiratory tract infections, 25.23% for intestinal infectious diseases, 23.05% for blood-borne and sexually transmitted diseases, 1.83% for natural foci and vector-borne diseases, and 1.89% for neonatal tetanus Accounting for 0.12%. Conclusion The incidence of respiratory infectious diseases and blood-borne and sexually transmitted diseases in Zunyi City has been on an upward trend, with the continuous decline of intestinal infectious diseases. Prompted that health education should be strengthened to raise public awareness of health and disease prevention. Tuberculosis, hepatitis B, syphilis, AIDS is the focus of prevention and treatment of infectious diseases in Zunyi City in the future.