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由于司马迁处于逻辑性思维高度发达的时代 ,因此《史记》中据实而录的历史人物和历史事件渗透着他对当时社会的深刻观察和认真反思。《史记》记载的许多历史人物往往成为一类高度的典型 ;它所展示的历史人物之间的复杂关系则因其体现了社会的本质和生活的必然而不断在历史上重演、复现。《史记》提出了大量的带有普遍性的社会人生命题 ,因而它超越了实录的历史和形象的文学而步入了哲学的境界 ,呈现出象征主义色彩。司马迁记载历史人物时在实录的基础上对之进行了清醒的选择 ,这体现了《史记》象征主义的自觉意识。同时司马迁对历史现象的悲剧主题体会尤深 ,这就使《史记》的象征主义具有了悲剧色彩。《史记》象征主义的方法学价值正是在记叙和观照中得到了体现
As Sima Qian was in a highly developed era of logical thinking, historical figures and historical events in the Historical Records infiltrated his profound observation and serious reflection on the society at that time. Many historical figures recorded in the Historical Records often become a highly representative type. The complex relations between the historical figures they show continue to recur and reappear in history because they reflect the essence of society and the necessity of life. “Shi Ji” put forward a large number of propositions on social life with universality. Therefore, it surpassed the recorded history and image literature and stepped into the philosophical realm, showing the symbolism color. Sima Qian recorded the historical figures on the basis of the record on the basis of its sober choice, which reflects the “Historical Records” symbolism conscious. At the same time, Sima Qian’s experience of the tragedy of the historical phenomenon is particularly profound, which makes the symbolism of the Records of the Historian tragic. The methodological value of Symbolism in the Records of the Historians is embodied in the narrative and the contemplation