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在中国教育史上,人们很少谈到《周易》。其实《周易》作为中国先秦时代的一部文化巨著,蕴涵着极为丰富的教育思想,它涉及到学习、修身、德育、教化诸多方面。本文仅就《周易·蒙卦》中的启蒙教育思想作些探索与分析。我们认为《周易·蒙卦》是一个教育专卦,不过这里的教育不是我们今天所说的学校教育,也不是《论语》中的私人教育,它是一个比较宽泛的概念,包括了家庭教育、庠序教育和社会教育。这些教育都有启蒙的问题,所以《周易》统而论之。蒙卦的卦画是?坎下艮上。坎为水、险,艮为山、止。意为山下有险,遇险而止,蒙,从草从冢,地上草木茸蔽,引申为蒙昧,象征幼稚愚昧教化未开之人。从卦象看,山下泉流缓缓,也表明启蒙教育应照此理缓起长施。
In the history of education in China, people rarely talk about the “Book of Changes.” In fact, as a cultural masterpiece in the pre-Qin era, the Book of Changes contains an extremely rich educational thought. It involves many aspects such as study, cultivation, moral education and education. This article only explores and analyzes the enlightenment education thought in “Book of Changes”. We think “Book of Changes” is a special guide to education, but education here is not what we call today’s school education, nor is it a private education in The Analects. It is a relatively broad concept that includes family education, Preface and social education. These education have enlightenment, so the “Book of Changes” as a whole. Gua Hui Gua painting is? Hom water, insurance, Burgundy Hill, only. This means that there is risk in the mountains, in case of danger, Mongolia, grass from the graves, the ground covered with marshmallow, extended to ignorance, a symbol of naive ignorance of people who are not educated. See from the images, the lower stream spring slowly, but also shows that enlightenment education should be taken as the rationale for long-term relief.