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目的探讨5·12汶川大地震中颅脑损伤伤员的伤情特点和现场急救经验教训,为地震中颅脑损伤伤员的现场救治提供临床经验。方法回顾2008年5月12日2008年5月18日收治的817例颅脑损伤伤员资料,对伤情、致伤原因、伤情特点、救治方法、地震后医疗救治措施等进行分析。结果 817例伤员中多数为头皮裂伤、挫伤,均予以清创缝合处理,预后良好。其余伤员急诊处理后转入后方医院治疗。结论正确判断处理伤员颅脑损伤并使其得到积极救治是提高伤员生存率的关键;正确分类转运和协调现场指挥是重型颅脑损伤得到二次救治的重要前提。建立灾害救治功能完善的野战医院迫在眉捷。
Objective To investigate the injury characteristics of traumatic brain injury and on-site first aid experience in the May 12 Wenchuan earthquake and provide clinical experience for on-the-spot treatment of traumatic brain injury in earthquake. Methods The data of 817 cases of traumatic brain injury admitted on May 12, 2008 and May 18, 2008 were retrospectively analyzed. The causes of injuries, the causes of injury, the characteristics of the injuries, the treatment methods and the medical treatment after the earthquake were analyzed. Results Most of the 817 cases were scalp laceration and contusion, all of them were treated by debridement and suturing. The prognosis was good. The remaining wounded emergency treatment into the rear hospital treatment. Conclusion Correctly judging the treatment of traumatic brain injury and getting active treatment is the key to improve the survival rate of the wounded. Correct classification, transportation and coordination of on-site command are the important preconditions for the secondary treatment of severe craniocerebral injury. Establishment of a disaster relief function Perfect field hospital is urgent.