王阳明的心学本体论思想在晚年“良知说”中发生了重要变化,即从心本体的道德性到存在性的变化,也就是说,心本体从“至善”的道德本体发展到“无善无恶”的存在本体。王阳明晚年特别关注宇宙论问题,将心之本体扩展为宇宙本体,确立了新的天人关系论,不仅在根本上颠覆了朱子学的理本论大厦,而且标志着心学本体论的最后完成。 Wang Yangming’s thought of mind-based ontology has undergone significant changes in his later years, “conscience theory”, that is, from the morality of the ontology to the change of existence, that is to say, from the moral essence of “perfection” to “ Good and evil ”ontology. In his later years, Wang Yangming paid special attention to the issue of cosmology, expanding the ontology of the heart to the ontology of the universe and establishing a new theory of the relationship between man and nature. This not only fundamentally reversed the Neo-Confucianism building of Zhu Xi, but also marked the final accomplishment of psychology as an ontology.