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小麦胞囊线虫病是由小麦胞囊线虫引起的土传性病害,主要侵染小麦根系,进而抑制地上部生长,对小麦的穗数、穗粒数、千粒重都有明显影响。据南京农业大学李红梅教授调查,该病在江苏徐州、宿迁、淮安、扬州、泰州、南通、盐城、连云港等地已普遍发生,其中以徐州丰县发病最严重。胞囊线虫侵入小麦根系后,会抑制根尖生长,导致多重分枝和根肿胀(根结),增加次生根量,缩小根系范围。病株地上部呈现缺肥状,矮化、叶黄苗弱,直至枯死。轻病株常提前抽穗。5月上中旬病株根部出现柠檬形附着胞囊,开始以白色发亮态存在,成熟时变成褐色。
Wheat cyst nematode is a soil-borne disease caused by the wheat cyst nematode. It mainly infects the root system of wheat and further inhibits the growth of shoots. It also has a significant effect on the spike number of panicles, grains per spike, and 1000-grain weight. According to Nanjing Agricultural University, Professor Li Hongmei survey, the disease in Xuzhou, Jiangsu, Suqian, Huaian, Yangzhou, Taizhou, Nantong, Yancheng, Lianyungang and other places have been widespread, of which the most serious incidence of Fengxian Xuzhou. Invaded into the root system of wheat, cyst nematode will inhibit the apical growth, leading to multiple branching and root swelling (root knot), increase the secondary root volume and reduce the root range. The diseased plants showed a lack of fertile land, dwarf, yellow seedling weak, until the dead. Slightly diseased plants often heading in advance. In mid-May, there appeared a lemon-shaped attachment cyst at the root of diseased plants, which started to appear in white and matured, turning brown.