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本文论述了压力容器蠕变应力的复杂状态,指出用一维拉伸蠕变试验作为设计的依据会产生较大的偏差。具体分析了承受弯曲和内压的薄壁容器的蠕变应力状态及其断裂机理;压力容器蠕变条件下的温差影响;厚壁筒的蠕变断裂的部位。指出了在蠕变条件下压力容器的应力状态和应力分布规律有所改变;压力容器仍有温度应力,且影响较大不容忽视。本文还提出了蠕变断裂时间的计算方法。
In this paper, the complex state of creep stress in pressure vessels is discussed. It is pointed out that one-dimensional tensile creep test as a basis for design will produce large deviations. The creep stress state and fracture mechanism of thin-walled container subjected to bending and internal pressure are analyzed in detail. The temperature difference under pressure creep condition and the site of creep rupture of thick-walled tube are analyzed. The stress state and stress distribution of pressure vessel under creep condition are pointed out. The pressure vessel still has temperature stress, and the influence of pressure vessel should not be neglected. This paper also put forward the calculation method of creep rupture time.