严羽在《沧浪诗活》中提出：学诗要“以识为主”、“传道亦在妙语”和诗有“别材”“别趣”。所谓“识”，即对诗的艺术鉴赏力。所谓“妙语”，是严羽对诗的创作和鉴赏的特殊思维方式的别称。“别材”“别趣”则是严羽对诗的内容和审美特征的概括。严羽将这三项作为学诗作诗者必须掌握的基本规律，而这也正是他的诗论的精髓所在。 Yan Yu put forward in Canglang Poetry and Living: Poetry should be based on knowledge, preach in witty language and poetry have no material and no interest. The so-called “knowledge”, that is, the artistic appreciation of poetry. The so-called “punchline” is another name for Yan Yu’s special way of thinking about the creation and appreciation of poetry. “Different Material” and “Other Interest” are the generalizations of Yan Yu’s poem content and aesthetic features. Yan Yu these three as the basic law of poetry must master, and this is where the essence of his poetry.