研究了系统中不确定因素不满足匹配条件且具有外部干扰的变结构鲁棒观测器的设计问题 .构造的观测器适用于标称系统是线性定常系统或可化为正则型的仿射非线性系统 .采用Lyapunov函数作为稳定观测器的判别条件 ,使观测器在有外部干扰时具有一致最终有界的构造误差 .观测器的构造利用了不确定因素的界 ,与某些结果相比 ,结果在实际中易于实现 . The design problem of a variable structure robust observer with uncertainties in the system that does not satisfy the matching conditions and has external disturbances is studied. The constructed observer is suitable for a class of nonlinear systems whose nominal system is a linear stationary system or can be transformed into a canonical type System.The Lyapunov function is used as the discriminant condition of the stable observer so that the observer has a consistent final and bounded construction error in the presence of external disturbances.The construction of the observer makes use of the bounds of uncertainties and compared with some results, In practice, easy to implement.