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目的了解皖北地区儿童流行性脑脊髓膜炎(简称流脑)抗体水平,为流脑的预防控制工作提供基础数据。方法采用整群随机抽样法对皖北地区12个乡镇1～15周岁健康儿童进行调查,采集血清样品5 560份,用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)法检测流脑IgG。结果在调查的5 560名儿童中,流脑抗体阳性4 974人,阳性率为89.5%。不同乡镇之间流脑抗体阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ2=108.000,P<0.05),桃园镇儿童流脑IgG抗体水平最高,达94.3%;曹村镇最低,仅为79.1%。不同年龄组之间流脑抗体阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ2=61.996,P<0.05),7～9岁年龄组流脑IgG抗体水平最高,为93.3%;1～3岁年龄组流脑IgG抗体水平最低,为85.0%。不同性别之间流脑抗体阳性率差异无统计学意义(χ2=2.593,P>0.05)。结论皖北地区儿童流脑IgG抗体阳性率较高,形成了较牢固的免疫屏障,有效降低了流脑疾病的发生。
Objective To understand the antibody level of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis in children in Northern Anhui and provide the basic data for prevention and control of meningitis. Methods A total of 5 560 serum samples were collected from 12 healthy rural residents aged from 1 to 15 in 12 townships in northern part of Anhui Province by cluster random sampling method. The IgG in meningococcal meningitis was detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results Among the 5 560 children surveyed, 4974 were positive for mecca antibody with a positive rate of 89.5%. The positive rates of meningococcal antibody among different townships were statistically different (χ2 = 108.000, P <0.05). The highest level of IgG antibodies in meningitis among children in Taoyuan town was 94.3%, the lowest in Caocun town (79.1%). The positive rate of meningococcal antibody in different age groups was significantly different (χ2 = 61.996, P <0.05), and the highest level of melatonin IgG antibody in the age group of 7-9 years old was 93.3% The lowest IgG antibody level was 85.0%. There was no significant difference in the positive rate of meningitis antibody between different genders (χ2 = 2.593, P> 0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of IgG in children in northern Anhui Province is higher than that in other regions, forming a stronger immune barrier and effectively reducing the incidence of meningococcal disease.