一、前言 近年来,断裂力学取得了显著的进步,正在由线性断裂力学向非线性断裂力学扩展其领域。线性断裂力学作为一门科学似乎大体上已臻于完善。在实际应用方面,线性断裂力学主要用于同原子能有关的压力容器的设计及其材料评定等的场合。线性断裂力学不仅在原子能方面,就是在化学和石油化学 I. Introduction In recent years, fracture mechanics has made significant progress, is from the linear fracture mechanics to nonlinear fracture mechanics to expand its field. As a science, linear fracture mechanics seem to have been largely completed. In practical application, linear fracture mechanics is mainly used in the design of pressure vessels related to atomic energy and material evaluation. The mechanics of linear fracture are not only in terms of atomic energy, but also in chemistry and petrochemistry