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建设项目的国民经济评价不同于企业经济评价(通称为财务评价),在于它是一种全局性、更高层次的分析评价,在项目评价体系中居主导地位。它是一种经济效益与社会效益相统一的评价,即项目的国民经济评价既重视经济效益,也重视社会效益——如项目的兴建对国防安全、劳动就业、环境保护和生态平衡等多方面的影响。从经济上看,它是以“社会费用——效益分析”(Social Cost—Benefit Analysis)原理为指导,以调整后的价格(影子价格)为基础,根据从宏观角度看的社会费用(包括直接费用与间接费用)与效益(包括直接效益与间接效益)的对比,来判别项目对全社会所作贡献的大小。
The national economic evaluation of a construction project is different from the economic evaluation of a company (commonly referred to as financial evaluation) because it is an overall, higher-level analysis and evaluation and dominates the project evaluation system. It is a unified evaluation of economic benefits and social benefits, that is, the project’s national economic evaluation not only pays attention to economic benefits, but also pays attention to social benefits, such as the construction of the project on defense security, labor employment, environmental protection, and ecological balance. Impact. From an economic point of view, it is guided by the principle of “Social Cost-Benefit Analysis” (Social Cost-Benefit Analysis), based on adjusted prices (shadow prices), based on social costs from a macro perspective (including direct The comparison between cost and indirect costs and benefits (including direct and indirect benefits) to determine the size of the project’s contribution to society as a whole.