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以陕北沙区大柳塔镇的石圪台矿煤矸石废弃地为试验对象,在调查分析矿区煤矸石废弃地的现状和植被恢复存在的困难的基础上,通过基质改良、优良植物种选择、配置模式和保水防渗漏造林技术等方面的研究。选出6种优良灌木树种和3种草本植物,树种成活率在80%以上,植被覆盖度达到了50%以上。通过防渗漏保水试验表明,在栽植穴底垫黄土厚10cm、15cm和喷液态地膜均可显著提高植物的生长量。在实践中探索出一套在沙区恶劣环境条件下煤矸石废弃地植被恢复的适用技术,为沙区煤矸石废弃地的植被恢复提供了科学依据和示范样板。
Based on the investigation and analysis of the status quo of coal gangue wasteland and the difficulties of vegetation restoration in the mining area of Shijietai mine in Daliuta Town, Shali, Shabei District, Shaanxi Province, through the improvement of matrices, the selection of fine plant species, Configuration mode and water leakage seepage afforestation technology and other aspects of research. Six kinds of excellent shrub species and three kinds of herbaceous plants were selected. The survival rate of tree species was above 80% and vegetation coverage reached over 50%. Through the water leakage proof test, it shows that the growth of plant can be significantly increased by planting loess paddy loess with thickness of 10cm, 15cm and spraying liquid film. In practice, we have explored a set of applicable technologies for the vegetation restoration of coal gangue wasteland under harsh environmental conditions in sandy areas, which provides a scientific basis and demonstration model for the vegetation restoration of coal gangue wasteland in sandy areas.