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目的对手足口病(hand-foot-mouth disease,HFMD)进行病原学监测,了解北京市西城区手足口病的流行特征。方法提取标本中病毒核酸,采用实时荧光PCR法进行核酸鉴定及分型。结果 2012年-2014年共收集咽拭子标本882份,肠道病毒(enterovirus,EV)核酸检测阳性标本为520份,阳性率为58.96%;EV71、Cox A16及EV未分型核酸阳性标本分别为165份(18.71%)、211份(23.92%)和144份(16.33%)。数据经统计学分析,发现3年手足口病的阳性率呈增长趋势,主要病原以EV71和Cox A16为主,2013年出现了EV未分型(CA6型)增多的情况。结论 2012年-2014年手足口病的流行呈上升趋势,应加强手足口病病原谱的监测工作,为手足口病的防控提供依据。
Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD) and to understand the epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease in Xicheng District, Beijing. Methods The virus nucleic acids were extracted from the samples and the nucleic acids were identified and classified by real-time fluorescence PCR. Results A total of 882 pharyngeal swab specimens were collected from 2012 to 2014. 520 samples were positive for enterovirus (EV) nucleic acid detection and the positive rate was 58.96%. EV71, Cox A16 and EV non-typing positive samples were respectively 165 (18.71%), 211 (23.92%) and 144 (16.33%). According to the statistical analysis, the positive rate of HFMD showed a trend of increase in three years. The major pathogens were EV71 and Cox A16, and in 2013 there was an increase of EV non-type (CA6 type). Conclusion From 2012 to 2014, the prevalence of HFMD is on the rise. Surveillance of HFMD spectrum should be strengthened to provide basis for the prevention and control of HFMD.