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目的通过对护士的调研,了解护士社会资本、职业获益感、工作疏离感的现状,分析社会资本、职业获益感对护士工作疏离感的影响。方法采用便利抽样法选取浙江省5所三级综合医院的3 684名临床护士作为研究对象,使用一般资料问卷、工作场所社会资本量表、护士职业获益感问卷、护士工作疏离感问卷进行调查并获取各问卷评分,应用SPSS 12.0软件进行统计描述和分析,采用多元回归分析方法分析护士工作疏离感产生的影响因素。结果 (1)护士的社会资本得分(25.79±5.12)分,职业获益感得分(122.45±13.55)分,工作疏离感得分(43.69±8.62)分;(2)护士的工作疏离感与社会资本、职业获益感呈负相关,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);(3)职称、月收入、社会资本、职业获益感为影响护士工作疏离感的因素,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论护士的工作疏离感与其社会资本、职业获益感相关,高水平的社会资本、职业获益感的护士,其工作疏离感越低,体现在无奈感、无助感、无意义感降低。护理管理者应采取针对性干预措施,有效提高护士的社会资本和职业获益感,以降低其工作疏离感,提高护士的工作满意度和护理工作的质量。
Objective To investigate the influence of social capital and occupational benefit on nurses ’job dissimilation by investigating nurses, understanding the status quo of nurses’ social capital, occupation benefit and job alienation. Methods Using the convenience sampling method, 3 684 clinical nurses in 5 third-level general hospitals in Zhejiang Province were selected as research objects. The questionnaires of general information questionnaire, social capital scale of workplace, occupational benefit questionnaire of nurses and alienation questionnaire of nurses were used to investigate The scores of each questionnaire were obtained. SPSS 12.0 software was used for statistical description and analysis. Multiple regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of job dissimilation in nurses. Results (1) The nurses’ social capital score (25.79 ± 5.12), occupation benefit score (122.45 ± 13.55) and job dissociation score (43.69 ± 8.62); (2) The sense of job alienation and social capital (P <0.05). (3) Job title, monthly income, social capital and occupational benefit were the factors influencing the alienation of nurses’ work, the differences were statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion Nurses’ dissatisfaction with their work is related to their social capital and professional gain. Nurses with high level of social capital and occupational benefit have a lower sense of alienation from work. They are helpless, senseless and senseless. Nursing managers should take targeted interventions to effectively improve the social capital and occupational benefit of nurses, so as to reduce the sense of alienation of their work, improve the job satisfaction of nurses and the quality of nursing work.