Objective To investigate the relationship between serum adiponectin levels with adiposity,glucocorticoids, insulin and leptin in Cushing’ s syndrome, obesity and non-obese subjects. Methods The serumadiponectin concentrations were measured in 104 non-obese and 57 overweight or obese subjects byRIA. 15 patients with Cushing’ s syndrome, 10 with obesity and 9 non-obese subjects were investigated, with theirserum adiponectin, glucocorticoids, insulin and leptin levels measured at 8:00, 12:00, 16:00, 20:00, 24:00 and3:00. Dexamethasone suppression tests in both obesity and Cushing’s syndrome were performed at the dose of Img,2mg and 5mg. Results The serum adiponectin concentrations in non-obese were (10. 15 ±6. 33)mg/L in maleand (13. 82 ±6. 09)mg/L in female, and those in overweight or obese ones were (5. 78 ±3. 55)mg/L in male and(8. 13 ± 4. 32) mg/L in female. In both men and women, the fasting adiponectin levels in overweight or obese sub-jects were lower than those of the non-obese ones, and serum adiponectin concentrations were significantly nagetivelycorrelated with BMI, % Fat and waist circumference. The circadian rhythmicity of adiponectin was not distinct, butthe adiponectin levels in obesity were lower than those of the non-obese subjects at all 6 time spots. The serum adi-ponectin area under curve (AUC) were significantly nagetively correlated with BMI, waist circumference and insulinA UC. The adiponectin levels with dexamethasone administration for a short-term both at higher doses and lower do-ses did not change, but was decreased after surgery. Conclusion Adiponectin is a hormone secreted by adipo-cytes which may intimately related to obese and insulin resistance. Therefore, any treatment that could be used to in-crease adiponectin should be beneficial. Neither long-term endogenous hyper-glucocorticoid nor short-term dexam-ethasone administration may affect the adiponectin levels, and similarly, no change with elevated postprandial insu-lin levels. Objective To investigate the relationship between serum adiponectin levels with adiposity, glucocorticoids, insulin and leptin in Cushing’s syndrome, obesity and non-obese subjects. Methods The serumadiponectin concentrations were measured in 104 non-obese and 57 overweight or obese subjects by RIA. 15 patients with Cushing’s syndrome, 10 with obesity and 9 non-obese subjects were investigated with theirserum adiponectin, glucocorticoids, insulin and leptin levels measured at 8:00, 12:00, 16:00, 20:00, 24:00 and 3: 00. Dexamethasone suppression tests in both obesity and Cushing’s syndrome were performed at the dose of 1 mg, 2 mg and 5 mg. Results The serum adiponectin concentrations in non-obese were (10.15 ± 6.33) mg / L in maleand ( 13. 82 ± 6.09) mg / L in female, and those in overweight or obese ones were (5.78 ± 3.55) mg / L in male and (8.13 ± 4.32) mg / L in female. In both men and women, the fasting adiponectin levels in overweight or obese sub-jects were lower than those of the non-obes e circadian rhythmic of adiponectin was not distinct, but the adiponectin levels in obesity were lower than those of the non-obese subjects at all 6 time spots. The serum adi-ponectin area under curve (AUC) were significantly nagetively correlated with BMI, waist circumference and insulinA UC. The adiponectin levels with dexamethasone administration for a short-term both at higher doses and lower do-ses did not change, but was decreased after surgery. Conclusion Adiponectin is a hormone secreted by adipo-cytes which may intimately related to obese and insulin resistance. Thus, any treatment that could be used to in-crease adiponectin should be beneficial. Neither long-term endogenous hyper-glucocorticoid nor short -term dexam-ethasone administration may affect the adiponectin levels, and similarly, no change with elevated postprandial insu-lin levels.