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在皮尔士的哲学教义里,符号始终处于形态外化和思想的非外化二者相互交织的状态,构成符号的悖论。但这一表层的悖论实质揭示了符号的本质:符号既是思想本身的运行,又是新思想不断产生的基础,同时为克服思想内在的不可交流性,又必须以外化的形态加以显露。思想的不间断运行必然指向旧思想作为新思想的基础和条件,而思想以符号为运行方式,又必然构成符号的不间断延伸。皮尔士教义的深刻性在于:不存在单纯外化的符号,或不以思想为前提的实体性符号,真正的符号不过是思想的同义词。
In Peirce’s philosophical teachings, symbols are always in a state of externalization of forms and non-externalities of thought, which form the paradox of symbols. However, this superficial paradoxical substance reveals the essence of the symbol. Symbol is not only the operation of the thought itself, but also the basis for the continual emergence of the new thought. At the same time, to overcome the inherent non-communicability of the thought, the symbol must be exposed in the form of externalization. The uninterrupted operation of ideology points inevitably to the old ideas as the foundation and condition of new ideas, and the idea that symbols operate as symbols must inevitably form an uninterrupted extension of symbols. The profoundness of Peirce’s doctrine lies in the fact that there is no simple symbol of externalization or a substantive symbol that is not premised on ideology. The true symbol is merely a synonym for thought.