目的：了解本地区强直性脊椎炎的临床特征及其与ＨＬＡＢ２７的相关性。方法：用微量淋巴细胞毒试验对２４５例强直性脊椎炎患者进行ＨＬＡＢ２７抗原检测。结果：ＨＬＡＢ２７抗原阳性２２０例，阳性率９０％，抗原阳性组男女之比为２５∶１，抗原阴性组为３１∶１，两组间无明显差异，本病发病年龄大多在３０岁以内，占６５％。平均病程４５年。患者初发症状以腰痛为主，周围关节以髋膝关节受累居多。患者均有骶髂关节炎症改变，多为骶髂关节模糊、狭窄。脊椎异常主要表现为脊椎小关节模糊、椎间韧带钙化、椎骨质增生。结论：对长期不明原因的腰腿痛患者及早检测ＨＬＡＢ２７抗原对强直性脊椎炎的诊断有很大帮助。 Objective: To understand the clinical features of ankylosing spondylitis in the region and its correlation with HLA  B27. Methods: Twenty-four patients with ankylosing spondylitis were tested for HLA-B27 antigen with a trace of lymphocytic toxicity test. Results: The positive rate of HLAB27 antigen in 220 cases was 90%. The ratio of male to female in antigen-positive group was 25:1 and that in negative group was 31:1. There was no significant difference between the two groups, Within 30 years, 65%. The average duration of 4  5 years. Initial symptoms of patients with low back pain, hip joints around the majority of hip involvement. Patients have sacroiliac joint inflammation changes, mostly sacroiliac joint fuzzy, narrow. Spinal abnormalities mainly manifested as blurred facet joint, intervertebral ligament calcification, vertebral hyperplasia. Conclusion: It is very helpful to diagnose ankylosing spondylitis on HLAB27 antigen in patients with low back pain for long-term unknown reasons.