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发展现代农业需要对农地进行集中连片适度规模经营,这需要对当前处于细碎分散化状态的农地进行流转,使农业经营者拥有的农地与其经营能力相匹配,实现土地分配公平与新条件下农业经营效率的统一,这一理想结果的实现依赖于农地流转方式。基于安徽省凤阳县东陵村和小岗村的典型个案分析表明,不同的农地流转方式背后是农民的权利和土地产权问题,其折射的是农民作为公民个体与基层政权之间的政治体制问题;不同的村集体的性格与约束条件决定了它们对土地流转方式的选择;两种方式会导致不同的收益与成本,诱致性农地流转比强制性农地流转更有利于实现公平与效率的统一。
The development of modern agriculture requires that the agricultural land be managed in a moderately contiguous and moderate scale. This requires the circulation of the current fragmented and fragmented agricultural land, matching the agricultural land owned by agricultural operators with their operating capacity, and making land distribution fair and new Under the conditions of the unity of the efficiency of agricultural operations, the realization of this ideal outcome depends on the way of rural land transfer. Based on a typical case analysis of Dongling Village and Xiaogang Village in Fengyang County, Anhui Province, it shows that behind the different modes of farmland transfer are peasants ’rights and land property rights, which reflect the peasants’ politics as the individual between citizens and the grassroots political power Institutional issues; the character and constraints of different village groups determine their choice of land transfer methods; the two methods lead to different benefits and costs. The induced land transfer is more conducive to fair and The unity of efficiency.