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语言礼貌研究虽已成为一门显学,但仍有许多重要问题需要澄清和解决。受认知语言学的体验认知观和法国社会哲学家Pierre Bourdieu惯习观的启发,本文通过分析指出,语言礼貌扎根于人类的认知体验,具有身体基础,具有体验性;礼貌从本质上说是一种言后之效,是个人以体验认知和惯习为基础,结合语言形式、语境、意图、情感等诸多复杂因素做出评价的结果。由于评价行为具有争议性、主观性和不确定性等特点,仅仅凭借语言形式作出礼貌或不礼貌的评价不一定行得通。本文最后得出结论:认知评价应当成为语言礼貌研究的核心。
Although the study of language politeness has become a significant learning, there are still many important issues that need to be clarified and resolved. Inspired by the cognitive experience of cognitive linguistics and the perspective of the French social philosopher Pierre Bourdieu, the thesis points out that language politeness is rooted in the cognitive experience of mankind and has a physical basis and experiencing experience. Politeness, in essence, Saying is a post-mortem effect, is the result of personal evaluation on the basis of experiential cognition and habit, combining with many complex factors such as language form, context, intention and emotion. Due to the controversial, subjective and uncertain evaluation behavior, it is not always possible to judge politely or impolitely by language alone. The conclusion of this article concludes: Cognitive evaluation should be the core of language politeness research.