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18世纪是英国由农业社会向工业社会转变的历史转型时期。在这一转变过程中,以商人、乡绅、约曼农和专业人士为代表的英国中产阶级共同经历了社会政治经济的巨大变革,并在共享社会经历的基础上,逐渐形成了自我意识。在政治领域,英国中产阶级为维护自身利益向国会请愿,积极投身到地方选举活动中,并在社会管理中充当重要角色,逐渐形成了政治参与者和社会管理者的自我意识。在消费领域,中产阶级的休闲娱乐活动、体面的衣着打扮、改善的住房条件和日益精致的饮食器具和室内装饰,都展现出中产阶级对文雅体面生活方式的追求。
The eighteenth century was a period of historical transformation of Britain from an agrarian society to an industrial one. During this process of transformation, the British middle class represented by businessmen, squires, Yemen farmers and professionals have undergone tremendous changes in social politics and economy, and have gradually formed their own self-consciousness based on sharing social experiences. In the political arena, the British middle class petitioned the Congress for its own interests and actively engaged in local election activities. It also played an important role in social management and gradually formed the self-awareness of political participants and social managers. In the area of consumption, middle-class recreational activities, decent clothing, improved housing conditions and increasingly sophisticated eating utensils and interior decoration all show the middle class’s pursuit of an elegant and decent lifestyle.