日本在明治维新以前,由德川幕府统治,实行闭关自守的封建锁国政策。1868年明治维新,新政府急于振兴实业,促进近代文明,发展交通,大搞铁路建设。这时日本比先进国家的铁路建设已迟了四、五十年。 1869年,日本接受英国政府的援助,借入资金,购进器材,聘请技师,开始了铁路建 Before the Meiji Restoration, Japan ruled by the Tokugawa shogunate and implemented the closed-door policy of feudal and imperialist lock-up. In 1868 the Meiji Restoration, the new government eager to revitalize the industry, promote modern civilization, develop transport, make great efforts to the railway construction. At this time, Japan is four or five decades behind the railway construction in the advanced countries. In 1869, Japan received aid from the British government, borrowed funds, purchased equipment, hired technicians and started railway construction