一、前言金属人工关节在人体中的主要失效形式有局部腐蚀(点蚀、缝隙腐蚀)、腐蚀疲劳和微动磨损。三种失效形式并不是孤立的,而是有交互作用的。与人工关节接触的人体组织液是一种成份复杂的腐蚀介质。金属在体内如发生腐蚀,其反应产物有可能会引起感染,影响细胞的新陈代谢,或使细胞周围的环境发生变化,从而危害人体。迄今全世界仅关节置换术就有500万例。据不完全统计,我国每年约有25万例适应症,但因受到植入材料和手术水平的限制,实际手术仅约12000例。因此合理选材和发展相应的表面处理技术实为研究金属人工关节的当务之急。用于外科植入物的金属材料有钛合金、钴铬钼合金及不锈钢等,共中不锈钢在 I. Introduction Metal prosthesis in the body of the main forms of failure are local corrosion (pitting, crevice corrosion), corrosion fatigue and fretting wear. The three forms of failure are not isolated, but interactive. Human tissue fluid in contact with an artificial joint is a complex corrosive medium. Metal corrosion occurs in the body, the reaction products may cause infection, affecting cell metabolism, or make the environment around the cell changes, thus endangering the human body. To date, there have been 5 million cases of arthroplasty alone in the world. According to incomplete statistics, there are about 250,000 indications each year in our country. However, due to the limitation of the materials and the level of operation, only 12,000 cases are actually operated. Therefore, the rational selection and development of the corresponding surface treatment technology is actually a top priority for the study of artificial joints. Metal materials used in surgical implants are titanium, cobalt chromium molybdenum alloy and stainless steel, etc., in the stainless steel