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目的了解上海市7～18岁学生体质健康状况及发展变化趋势,为提高上海市学生体质健康水平提供科学依据。方法采用文献分析、问卷调查等方法,对2000-2010年上海市学生身体形态、身体机能、身体素质状况进行比较。结果 10 a间上海市学生城男、城女、乡男、乡女身高分别平均增长1.22,0.90,3.59和2.71 cm;体重平均増长1.81,0.87,5.58和3.13 kg;肺活量城男、城女、乡男、乡女分别平均增长271.79,66.97,387.31,188.64 mL;身体素质发展不平衡,2005-2010年持续下降的趋势得到遏制。城男、城女、乡女立定跳远均值分别下降4.68,5.19和1.57 cm;而乡男略有上升。结论上海市学生体质健康状况仍不容乐观,需采取全面、有效的措施促进学生体质健康水平的提高。
Objective To understand the constitutional health status and development trend of students aged 7-18 in Shanghai and to provide a scientific basis for improving the constitutional health of students in Shanghai. Methods By means of literature analysis and questionnaire survey, the body shape, body function and physical fitness of Shanghai students from 2000 to 2010 were compared. Results The average height of male, female, male and female in Shanghai’s student city increased by 1.22, 0.90, 3.69 and 2.71 cm respectively over the 10-year period. The average body weight increased by 1.81, 0.87, 5.58 and 3.13 kg. , Township men and women increased by an average of 271.79,66.97,387.31,188.64 mL respectively; the unbalanced development of physical fitness and the continued decline in 2005-2010 have been checked. Urban men, urban women, rural women standing long jump average value decreased 4.68,5.19 and 1.57 cm; while rural men slightly. Conclusion The physical health status of students in Shanghai is still not optimistic. It is necessary to take comprehensive and effective measures to promote the improvement of students’ physique and health.