以最高法院为代表,法国司法模式的显著特征是三段论式的简洁判决和近乎封闭式的诉讼程序。尽管该模式受到了比较法学家和法国国内一些学者的批评,法国司法在其本国社会的正当性却极少遭遇挑战。这种“反常”现象的原因在于:法国传统上形成了社会对三权分立与消极主义司法权的认知,同时依靠其程序安排、司法官僚体系和精英主义的职业选拔与评价机制获得民众信任,以超越“消极司法”的范围而履行其作为国家机关的政治和管理职责。这种司法正当性的“二元化”与美国司法模式形成鲜明对比,也给中国的司法改革带来启示。 Represented by the Supreme Court, the notable features of the French judiciary are simpler judgments of the three paragraphs and near-formal proceedings. Although the model has been criticized by comparative jurists and some scholars in France, the legitimacy of French justice in its own country is rarely challenged. This “anomaly” phenomenon is due to the fact that France has traditionally formed society’s perception of the separation of powers and the judiciary of negativeism, relying on the procedural arrangements, the judicial bureaucracy, and elitist professional selection and appraisal mechanisms People trust and fulfill their political and management responsibilities as state organs in a way that goes beyond the scope of “negative justice.” This “legitimacy” of “duality” is in striking contrast with the judicial model of the United States and also gives enlightenment to China’s judicial reform.