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通过1994~1996年的系统调查,在调查区,作者发现枣树害虫41种,分属于5目22科;天敌40种,分属于8目25科。用最优分割法将枣树昆虫群落按枣树的物候期分为休眠期、萌芽展叶期、开花幼果期、果实膨大期、果实着色成熟期5个阶段。用主分量分析法分析了各阶段的群落特征及优势种,论述了各阶段害虫———天敌的种群变化特征。通过综合治理园与常规防治园的分析比较,综合治理园昆虫的总物种数比常规防治园增加04倍,天敌物种数增加15倍,益害比扩大1116倍,多样性和均匀度分别提高112倍和067倍。从优势度指数比较得知,常规防治园是综合治理园的34倍。综合治理园不但控制了害虫,而且保护了天敌,提高了自然调控能力;常规防治园在防治害虫的同时,大量杀伤了天敌,主要害虫会再猖獗,次要害虫如蚧类和螨类逐年上升,成为危害枣树的优势种。
Through systematic investigation from 1994 to 1996, in the survey area, the author found 41 species of jujube pests, belonging to 5 orders and 22 families; 40 natural enemies, belonging to 8 orders and 25 families. The optimum partition method was used to divide the jujube tree insect community into jujube tree phenophase into five stages: dormant stage, budding stage, flowering stage, expanding stage and coloring stage. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to analyze the community characteristics and dominant species at each stage, and the population variation characteristics of pests such as natural enemies were discussed. Through the analysis and comparison of the comprehensive control garden and the conventional prevention garden, the total species number of the integrated garden control garden increased 0.4 times than that of the conventional prevention garden, the number of natural enemies increased by 15 times and the benefit-injury ratio increased by 1116 times, and the diversity And uniformity increased by 1 12 times and 0 67 times. From the dominance index comparison, conventional control garden is 3 4 times the comprehensive control of the park. Comprehensive control of the park not only control pests, but also protect the natural enemies, improve the natural regulation ability; conventional prevention and control of pests in the park, killing a large number of natural enemies, the main pests will be rampant, secondary pests such as scale and mites year by year rise , Becoming the dominant species endangering jujube.