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自20世纪70年代中国科学家从传统药用植物黄花蒿中分离出青蒿素以来,其作为最有效的抗疟药物受到全世界高度关注。随着分子生物学研究手段的发展,青蒿素生物合成途径逐步得到阐明,大多数代谢步骤的酶基因和部分调控机制得到鉴定。与此同时,利用转基因技术促进黄花蒿中青蒿素的合成与积累,以及在微生物中重建代谢通路以实现青蒿素的半合成的研究工作也取得了突破性进展。本文介绍在青蒿素代谢研究领域的主要进展。
Since the 1970s, when Chinese scientists isolated artemisinin from the traditional medicinal plant Artemisia annua, it has drawn the world’s attention as the most effective anti-malarial drug. With the development of molecular biological research methods, the pathways of artemisinin biosynthesis have been gradually elucidated, and the enzyme genes and partial regulatory mechanisms of most metabolic steps have been identified. In the meantime, breakthroughs have also been made in using transgenic technology to promote the synthesis and accumulation of artemisinin in Artemisia annua and to re-establish metabolic pathways in microorganisms to achieve the semi-synthesis of artemisinin. This article describes the major advances in the artemisinin metabolism research.