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为粳稻孕穗期耐冷标准品种的建立和耐冷遗传育种研究提供优异基因资源,利用人工低温气候室,采用15℃、17℃、19℃3种胁迫温度,4d和6d两种胁迫时间,3×2交互式设计的方法,对来自黑龙江、吉林、辽宁和云南的12份粳稻种质进行了孕穗期耐冷性强度的研究。结果表明,随着低温胁迫的增强,各水稻品种的平均空壳率都随之增加;在15℃/6d胁迫下,供试品种平均空壳率的方差和变异系数达到最大,该胁迫强度可被选用于孕穗期强耐冷种质的筛选。依据15℃/6d胁迫下供试品种平均空壳率的方差分析及多重比较结果,空育131和龙稻3号具有极强的孕穗期耐冷性。不同地区可根据参试品种在本试验中的耐冷表现,并结合当地水稻种植区的光温条件选择相应的耐冷标准品种。
This study provided excellent genetic resources for the establishment of cold tolerant standard varieties at booting stage and cold tolerance genetic breeding in the japonica rice. Three stress periods of 15 ℃, 17 ℃ and 19 ℃, two stress periods of 4d and 6d, 3 × 2 Interactive design method was used to study the cold tolerance of 12 japonica germplasms from Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning and Yunnan. The results showed that with the increase of low temperature stress, the average shell percentage of all rice varieties increased. Under the stress of 15 ℃ / 6d, the variance and coefficient of variation of the average shell percentage of the tested varieties reached the maximum, Was selected for the bumper selection of strong cold germplasm. According to the analysis of variance and multiple comparisons of the average shell percentage of tested cultivars under 15 ℃ / 6d stress, the results showed that Kongyou 131 and Longdao 3 had extremely strong cold tolerance at booting stage. According to the cold tolerance of the tested varieties in this experiment in different regions, the corresponding cold tolerance standard varieties can be selected according to the light and temperature conditions of the local rice planting areas.