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目的：探讨谷氨酸脱羧酶（ＧＡＤ）抗体与１型糖尿病患者发病年龄、病程及临床特征等的关系。方法：用放射免疫沉淀法测定９２例１型糖尿病和５３例２型糖尿病患者血中ＧＡＤ抗体。结果：１型糖尿病组总的ＧＡＤ抗体阳性率为３９１％，其中儿童１型糖尿病组、成人１型糖尿病组和成人晚发１型糖尿病组的阳性率分别为４６７％、３６８％和４００％，组间无差异；而病程≤１ａ的阳性率５８８％，明显高于病程＞１ａ组的２７４％。患者的ＧＡＤ抗体与空腹Ｃ肽水平、酮症发病史、胰岛素使用量等无明显关系。伴有ＡＩＴＤ患者的ＧＡＤ抗体水平比不伴ＡＩＴＤ患者的ＧＡＤ抗体效价明显增高。结论：ＧＡＤ抗体不仅对１型糖尿病早期诊断而且对成人晚发型１型糖尿病都有临床诊断的价值。
Objective: To investigate the relationship between glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) antibody and type 1 diabetes patients’ age, course of disease and clinical features. Methods: GAD antibodies in 92 cases of type 1 diabetes mellitus and 53 cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus were determined by radioimmunoprecipitation. Results: The positive rate of GAD antibody in type 1 diabetic patients was 39.1%. The positive rates of type 1 diabetes in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus, adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus and adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus were 46.7% and 36% respectively 8% and 400% respectively. There was no difference between the two groups. The positive rate of disease ≤1a was 588%, which was significantly higher than 274% of the duration of la> 1a. GAD antibodies in patients with fasting C-peptide levels, the incidence of ketosis, insulin dosage and other no significant relationship. GAD antibody levels in patients with AITD were significantly higher than those in patients without AITD. CONCLUSIONS: GAD antibodies have clinical value not only for the early diagnosis of type 1 diabetes but also for adult late-onset type 1 diabetes.